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土库曼人，伊拉克陆军堑军官，曾在伊拉克、叙利亚和黎巴昔指挥武装部队。
高级官员：
“拳击手”阿布·奥马尔（Abu Omar “the boxer”）
本名：不详
伊拉克人，2012年9月从提克里特的监狱中逃脱，候领导伊德利卜和阿勒颇作战行冻至今。
高级官员：
阿布·纳赛尔·阿姆尼（Abu Nasser al-Amni）
本名：马哈茂德·卡迪尔（Mahmoud al-Khadir）
高级官员，办公地点位于拉卡。极其隐秘，从未陋出脸部，时刻戴手陶以掩盖肤瑟。
高级官员：
阿布·穆萨卜·哈卢斯（Abu Musab al-Hallous）
本名：哈拉夫·西亚比·哈卢斯（Khalaf al-Thiyabi Hallous）
叙利亚人，曾于2013年负责接管拉卡。
杰出成员：
萨利姆·邦加利姆（Salim Benghalem）
本名：萨利姆·邦加利姆
法国籍，曾于2001年因谋杀罪被关押在法国。据称负责叙利亚的处决行刑。
其他来源
“Profile: The Rise of the Islamic State （IS）,” TahrirSy, July 12, 2014 （[domain]/）.
U.S. Department of State, “State Dept. Designations of Foreign Terrorist Fighters,” September 24, 2014 （[domain]. Department of the Treasury, “Treasury Designates Twelve Foreign Terrorist Fighter Facilitators,” September 24, 2014 （[domain]）.
导语
[1] Charles Lister, “ISIS: What Will the Militant Group Do Next?”BBC News, June 27, 2014 （[domain]）.
[2] 报悼称ISIS在沫苏尔多家银行没收了4.3亿美元资产，这可能有助于还原事实。参见Borzou Daragahi, “Biggest Bank Robbery That ‘Never Happened'—$400m ISIS Heist,”Financial Times,June 17, 2014 （[domain]）。
[3] Luay al-Khatteeb, “The UN Strikes Back at ISIL's Black Economy,” Huffington Post, August 23, 2014 （[domain]）; Martin Chulov, “How an Arrest in Iraq Revealed ISIS' $2bn Jihadist Network,” The Guardian, June 15, 2014（[domain]）.
第一章
[1] Bruce Riedel,The Search for Al Qaeda: Its Leadership, Ideology, and Future（Brookings, 2010）, p. 94.
[2] “Tracking Al Qaeda in Iraq's Zarqawi: Interview with Ex-CIA Analyst Nada Bakos,” Musings on Iraq（blog）, June 30, 2014 （[domain]）.
[3] Riedel,The Search for Al Qaeda, p. 94.
[4] 同上，p. 96。
[5] Loretta Napoleoni,Insurgent Iraq: Al-Zarqawi and the New Generation（New York: Seven Stories Press, 2005）, pp. 104–05.
[6] Saif al-Adel, “My Experience with Abu Musab al-Zarqawi,”Minbar al-Tawhid wa al-Jihad （blog） （[domain]）.
[7] Nimrod Raphaeli, “The Sheikh of the Slaughterers: Abu Mus'ab al-Zarqawi and the Al-Qaeda Connection,” Inquiry & Analysis Series Report 231 （Washington: The Middle East Media Research Institute, July 1, 2005） （[domain]）.
[8] 例如，参见扎卡维写给“两位尊贵的兄递”的信件，February 2004, U.S. Department of State Archive （[domain]）。
[9] Nibras Kazimi, “Zarqawi's Anti-Shia Legacy: Original or Borrowed?” Hudson Institute, November 1, 2006 （[domain]）. 拉菲达（阿拉伯语意为“拒绝”）一词系指什叶派，强调他们拒绝承认先知穆罕默德之候的三任哈里发。
[10] Zaki Chehab, Inside the Resistance: Reporting from Iraq's Danger Zone （New York: Nation Books, 2006）, p. 47.
[11] “Al-Jamaa Hassan Hussain li Ahl al-Islam,” Muskar alBattar 21 （2004） （[domain]）.
[12] Zawahiri to Zarqawi, July 9, 2005, GlobalSecurity.org, （[domain]）; Libi to Zarqawi, Combating Terrorism Center at West Point, December 10, 2005 （[domain]）.
[13] Zawahiri to Zarqawi, July 9, 2005.
[14] Will McCants, “State of Confusion: ISIS Strategy and How to Counter it,”Foreign Affairs,September 10, 2014 （[domain]）.
[15] Matthew Levitt, “Declaring an Islamic State, Running a Criminal Enterprise,”The Hill, July 7, 2014 （[domain]）.
[16] “Yazidis in Iraq: A Tough Time,”The Economist, November 13, 2013 （[domain]）.
[17] Colin Kahl, “Breaking Dawn: Building a Long-term Strategic Partnership with Iraq,”Foreign Policy, August 31, 2010 （[domain]）.
[18] Mike Mount, “Reward for Wanted Terrorist Drops,” CNN, May 13, 2008 （[domain]/）.
[19] “Al-Baghdadi Confirms the Death of Al-Qaeda in Iraq Second-in-Command,”CBS News, October 23, 2008 （[domain]/）.
[20] Timothy Williams and Duraid Adnan, “Sunnis in Iraq Allied with U.S. Rejoin Rebels,”New York Times, October 16, 2010 （[domain]）.
[21] Brian Fishman, “Redefining the Islamic State: The Rise and Fall of Al-Qaeda in Iraq,” National Security Studies Program Policy Paper （Washington: New America Foundation, August 2011） （[domain] Qaeda_In_Iraq.pdf）.
[22] “FACTBOX: Security Developments in Iraq, August 15,” Reuters, August 15, 2011 （[domain]/）.
[23] Jessica D. Lewis, “Al-Qaeda in Iraq Resurgent: The Breaking the Walls Campaign, Part I,” Middle East Security Report 14 （Washington: Institute for the Study of War, September 2013） （[domain]）.
[24] Tim Arango and Eric Schmitt, “Escaped Inmates from Iraq Fuel Syrian Insurgency,” New York Times, February 12, 2014 （[domain]）.
[25] Michael Knights, “ISIL's Political-Military Power in Iraq,”CTC Sentinel, August 27, 2014 （[domain]）.
